GUM DISEASES

gum diseases

 

Gum disease is an infection of the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. It is a common oral health problem and can range from mild (gingivitis) to severe (periodontitis).

Causes of Gum Diseases:

The main cause of gum disease is plaque buildup on teeth. Plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on teeth. If not removed by brushing, flossing, and regular dental cleanings, plaque can harden into tartar and cause inflammation of the gums.

 

Symptoms of Gum Disease:

The early stages of gum disease may not have any symptoms, but as it progresses, the following signs may become noticeable:

  • Red, swollen, or tender gums
  • Gums that bleed when brushing or flossing
  • Receding gums
  • Persistent bad breath
  • Loose or shifting teeth
  • Changes in the way your teeth fit together when you bite

Stages of Gum Disease:

  1. Gingivitis: This is the earliest stage of gum disease, characterized by red, swollen, and bleeding gums.
  2. Periodontitis: If gingivitis is not treated, it can advance to periodontitis, causing damage to the tissues and bone that support the teeth.
  3. Advanced Periodontitis: This is the most severe form of gum disease, characterized by deep pockets of infection, loss of bone and tissue, and loosening of the teeth.

 

Treatment Options:

1. Non-Surgical Treatment

  • Deep Cleaning: A deep cleaning involves scaling and root planing, which removes plaque and tartar from the teeth and roots.
  • Scaling and Root Planing: This procedure cleans deep below the gum line to remove plaque and tartar that contribute to gum disease.

 

2. Surgical Treatment

  • Flap Surgery: This procedure involves lifting the gums to remove plaque and tartar from the roots of the teeth.
  • Bone Graft: If the bone supporting the teeth has been damaged by gum disease, a bone graft may be necessary.
  • Soft Tissue Graft: This procedure replaces missing gum tissue to help reduce the risk of future gum disease.
  • Guided Tissue Regeneration: This procedure involves placing a barrier between the gum tissue and the underlying bone to promote the growth of healthy gum tissue.
 

Prevention of Gum Diseases:

The best way to prevent gum disease is to maintain good oral hygiene, including brushing and flossing regularly and visiting the dentist for regular cleanings and check-ups. Additionally, quitting smoking and managing stress can also help prevent gum disease.

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